JavaScript 解析Json字符串的性能比较分析代码

  解析时用到的方法一般是eval或者new function,而目前IE8和Firefox3.1又内置了原生的JSON对象(据说会有一定的性能提升)。那我们在实际使用的时候怎样从这三种方法(因为性能问题,不考虑用javascript实现的解析)里面来选择呢?面对众多的浏览器,哪种方式的性能是最好的呢?

  一、测试方法

  

  1、首先指定测试次数及JSON字符串

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  var count = 10000, o = null, i = 0, jsonString = '{"value":{"items": [{"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}]},"error":null}';

  2、循环解析并记录时间

  eval

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  var beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = eval( "(" + jsonString + ")" );

  }

  Console.output( "eval:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  new Function

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  var beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = new Function( "return " + jsonString )();

  }

  Console.output( "new Function:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  native

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  if ( typeof JSON !== "undefined" ) {

  var beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = JSON.parse( jsonString ); }

  Console.output( "native:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  } else {

  Console.output( "native:not support!" );

  }

  二、测试对象

  

  选择目前主流的浏览器(不考虑Maxthon一类的外壳),包括IE6、7、8,Firefox2、3、3.1,Chrome,Opera及Safari3、4。

  三、测试环境

  T9300 CPU + 4G RAM + Windows2003,其中IE8使用的是Vista的环境,IE7在另外一台工作机(2G CPU + 2G RAM + Windows2003),考虑到主要是测试浏览器客户端的性能,结果的误差应该能够接受。

  四、测试结果

JavaScript 解析Json字符串的性能比较分析代码

  *数值越小越好

  *在当前列中绿色背景的表示性能最好,红色性能最差

  1、Firefox2、3全部垫底,IE6的性能优于IE7(可能和机器不一致有关),Chrome和Safari4的性能远远超出其它浏览器。

  2、不同的浏览器下eval和new Function的性能不一致,总的来说eval更好,但Firefox下new Function的性能是eval的一倍,为了更好的兼容各个浏览器,我们把对JSON的解析单独封装成一个对象来处理:

  wrapper

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  var __json = null;

  if ( typeof JSON !== "undefined" ) {

  __json = JSON;

  }

  var browser = Browser;

  var JSON = {

  parse: function( text ) {

  if ( __json !== null ) {

  return __json.parse( text );

  }

  if ( browser.gecko ) {

  return new Function( "return " + text )();

  }

  return eval( "(" + text + ")" )

  }

  };

  var beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = JSON.parse( jsonString ); }

  Console.output( "wrapper:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  加入Wrapper后的结果:

JavaScript 解析Json字符串的性能比较分析代码

  由于涉及到调用对象的开销,封装后JSON对象会比单独调用更慢,但它能保证在各个浏览器下使用最适合的方法。

  五、结论

  解析Json字符串时,不同的浏览器选择不同的方法:

  IE6、7使用eval

  IE8使用原生的JSON对象

  Firefox2、3使用new Function

  Safari4使用eval

  其它浏览器下eval和new Function的性能基本一致

  如果有不同意见欢迎拍砖:)

  Update:

  2009.03.23:屏蔽所有Firefox的Add-Ons再进行测试

  由于Known在Firefox下运行代码得到了完全不一致的结果,怀疑是Firefox的插件导致,于是禁掉所有插件后(后来表明几乎由Firebug导致),重新在Firefox2、3下测试了一下,结果如下:

JavaScript 解析Json字符串的性能比较分析代码

  这表明Firefox本身的性能并不是象我们先前测试的那样低,在去掉插件后性能还是很不错。但是没有Firebug一类的插件支持,Firefox对我们的吸引力也大大降低了。

  2009.03.31:循环中每次使用新的json字符串

  根据Oliver的描述,他猜测是由于Safari4和Chrome缓存了eval的结果从而导致它们的测试成绩“虚”高,测试结果证明了他的推测:

JavaScript 解析Json字符串的性能比较分析代码

  从这个结果中我们可以看到,Opera的性能最好,Ie8其次。

  主要修改的代码:

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  //eval 2: var beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = eval("(" + '{"value":{"items": [{"x":' + i + ',"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}]},"error":null}' + ")");

  }

  Console.output( "eval:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  //new Function

  beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = new Function("return " + '{"value":{"items": [{"x":' + i + ',"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}]},"error":null}')();

  }

  Console.output( "new Function:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  //native

  if ( typeof JSON !== "undefined" ) {

  beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = JSON.parse('{"value":{"items": [{"x":' + i + ',"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}]},"error":null}');

  }

  Console.output( "native:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  } else {

  Console.output( "native:not support!" );

  }

  //wrapper

  var __json = null;

  if ( typeof JSON !== "undefined" ) {

  __json = JSON;

  }

  var browser = Browser;

  var JSON = {

  parse: function( text ) {

  if ( __json !== null ) {

  return __json.parse( text );

  }

  if ( browser.gecko ) {

  return new Function( "return " + text )();

  }

  return eval( "(" + text + ")" )

  }

  };

  beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = JSON.parse('{"value":{"items": [{"x":' + i + ',"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}]},"error":null}');

  }

  Console.output( "wrapper:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  附:全部代码

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

  <html>

  <head>

  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />

  <title>Parse JsonString</title>

  </head>

  <body>

  <div id="consoleRegion"></div>

  <script type="text/javascript">

  //yui

  var Browser = function() {

  var o = {

  ie: 0,

  opera: 0,

  gecko: 0,

  webkit: 0

  };

  var ua = navigator.userAgent, m;

  if ( ( /KHTML/ ).test( ua ) ) {

  o.webkit = 1;

  }

  // Modern WebKit browsers are at least X-Grade

  m = ua.match(/AppleWebKit\/([^\s]*)/);

  if (m&&m[1]) {

  o.webkit=parseFloat(m[1]);

  }

  if (!o.webkit) { // not webkit

  // @todo check Opera/8.01 (J2ME/MIDP; Opera Mini/2.0.4509/1316; fi; U; ssr)

  m=ua.match(/Opera[\s\/]([^\s]*)/);

  if (m&&m[1]) {

  o.opera=parseFloat(m[1]);

  } else { // not opera or webkit

  m=ua.match(/MSIE\s([^;]*)/);

  if (m&&m[1]) {

  o.ie=parseFloat(m[1]);

  } else { // not opera, webkit, or ie

  m=ua.match(/Gecko\/([^\s]*)/);

  if (m) {

  o.gecko=1; // Gecko detected, look for revision

  m=ua.match(/rv:([^\s\)]*)/);

  if (m&&m[1]) {

  o.gecko=parseFloat(m[1]);

  }

  }

  }

  }

  }

  return o;

  }();

  var Console = {

  consoleRegion: null,

  getRegion: function() {

  if ( this.consoleRegion === null ) {

  this.consoleRegion = document.getElementById( "consoleRegion" );

  }

  return this.consoleRegion;

  },

  output: function( text ) {

  this.getRegion().innerHTML += "<br/>" + text;

  }

  };

  //test code

  var count = 10000, o = null, i = 0, jsonString = '{"value":{"items": [{"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}, {"x":1,"y":2,"z":3}]},"error":null}';

  //eval

  var beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = eval( "(" + jsonString + ")" );

  }

  Console.output( "eval:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  //new Function

  beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = new Function( "return " + jsonString )();

  }

  Console.output( "new Function:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  //native

  if ( typeof JSON !== "undefined" ) {

  beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = JSON.parse( jsonString );

  }

  Console.output( "native:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  } else {

  Console.output( "native:not support!" );

  }

  //wrapper

  var __json = null;

  if ( typeof JSON !== "undefined" ) {

  __json = JSON;

  }

  var browser = Browser;

  var JSON = {

  parse: function( text ) {

  if ( __json !== null ) {

  return __json.parse( text );

  }

  if ( browser.gecko ) {

  return new Function( "return " + text )();

  }

  return eval( "(" + text + ")" )

  }

  };

  beginTime = new Date();

  for ( i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {

  o = JSON.parse( jsonString );

  }

  Console.output( "wrapper:" + ( new Date() - beginTime ) );

  //alert( o.value.items[0].z );

  </script>

  </body>

  </html>