js querySelector和getElementById通过id获取元素的区别

  这是sina同事xiaoniu发现的,如下

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  <!DOCTYPE html>

  <html>

  <head>

  <meta charset="utf-8"/>

  </head>

  <body>

  <div id="02E503E2A1C011CFC85B7B701A0677EC0900000000000001"></div>

  <script>

  var str = '02E503E2A1C011CFC85B7B701A0677EC0900000000000001';

  function bySelector(id) {

  return document.querySelector('#'+id);

  }

  function byId(id) {

  return document.getElementById(id);

  }

  alert(bySelector(str));

  alert(byId(str));

  </script>

  </body>

  </html>

  两个函数bySelector,byId分别通过querySelector和getElementById获取元素.

  页面上有id为“02E503E2A1C011CFC85B7B701A0677EC0900000000000001”的元素。

  结果:所有支持querySelector的浏览器中通过bySelector均获取不到(报错),但通过getElementById却可以获取。

  开始怀疑是id的字符串太长的原因导致querySelector获取不到。真正原因却是querySelector按css规范实现,即css标识符也不能以数字开头。

  W3 写道

  In CSS, identifiers (including element names, classes, and IDs in selectors) can contain only the characters [a-zA-Z0-9] and ISO 10646 characters U+00A0 and higher, plus the hyphen (-) and the underscore (_); they cannot start with a digit, two hyphens, or a hyphen followed by a digit. Identifiers can also contain escaped characters and any ISO 10646 character as a numeric code (see next item). For instance, the identifier "B&W?" may be written as "B\&W\?" or "B\26 W\3F".