PHP中用hash实现的数组

  PHP中使用最多的非Array莫属了,那Array是如何实现的?在PHP内部Array通过一个hashtable来实现,其中使用链接法解决hash冲突的问题,这样最坏情况下,查找Array元素的复杂度为O(N),最好则为1.

  而其计算字符串hash值的方法如下,将源码摘出来以供查备:

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  static inline ulong zend_inline_hash_func(const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength)

  {

  register ulong hash = 5381;                                                   //此处初始值的设置有什么玄机么?

  /* variant with the hash unrolled eight times */

  for (; nKeyLength >= 8; nKeyLength -= 8) {                         //这种step=8的方式是为何?

  hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++;

  hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++;

  hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++;

  hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++;                         //比直接*33要快

  hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++;

  hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++;

  hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++;

  hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++;

  }

  switch (nKeyLength) {

  case 7: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */                             //此处是将剩余的字符hash

  case 6: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */

  case 5: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */

  case 4: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */

  case 3: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */

  case 2: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */

  case 1: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; break;

  case 0: break;

  EMPTY_SWITCH_DEFAULT_CASE()

  }

  return hash;//返回hash值

  }

  ps:对于以下函数,仍有两点不明:

  hash = 5381设置的理由?

  这种step=8的循环方式是为了效率么?