javascript结合Canvas 实现简易的圆形时钟

  之前学习了下html5中的canvas元素,为了练练手就实现了一个简易的时钟。时钟本身并不复杂,也没有使用图片进行美化,不过麻雀虽小五脏俱全,下面就与大家分享一下:

  演示效果:

javascript结合Canvas 实现简易的圆形时钟

  html代码:

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  <!DOCTYPE html>

  <html>

  <head>

  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />

  <title>Clock</title>

  <style type="text/css">

  *{

  margin: 0;

  padding: 0;

  }

  .canvas{

  margin-left: 20px;

  margin-top: 20px;

  border: solid 1px;

  }

  </style>

  </head>

  <body onload= "main()">

  <canvas class = "canvas" id="canvasId" width = '500px' height = '400px'></canvas>

  <script type= "text/javascript" src = "Clock.js"></script>

  </body>

  </html>

  JS代码:

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  var Canvas = {};

  Canvas.cxt = document.getElementById('canvasId').getContext('2d');

  Canvas.Point = function(x, y){

  this.x = x;

  this.y = y;

  };

  /*擦除canvas上的所有图形*/

  Canvas.clearCxt = function(){

  var me = this;

  var canvas = me.cxt.canvas;

  me.cxt.clearRect(0,0, canvas.offsetWidth, canvas.offsetHeight);

  };

  /*时钟*/

  Canvas.Clock = function(){

  var me = Canvas,

  c = me.cxt,

  radius = 150, /*半径*/

  scale = 20, /*刻度长度*/

  minangle = (1/30)*Math.PI, /*一分钟的弧度*/

  hourangle = (1/6)*Math.PI, /*一小时的弧度*/

  hourHandLength = radius/2, /*时针长度*/

  minHandLength = radius/3*2, /*分针长度*/

  secHandLength = radius/10*9, /*秒针长度*/

  center = new me.Point(c.canvas.width/2, c.canvas.height/2); /*圆心*/

  /*绘制圆心(表盘中心)*/

  function drawCenter(){

  c.save();

  c.translate(center.x, center.y);

  c.fillStyle = 'black';

  c.beginPath();

  c.arc(0, 0, radius/20, 0, 2*Math.PI);

  c.closePath();

  c.fill();

  c.stroke();

  c.restore();

  };

  /*通过坐标变换绘制表盘*/

  function drawBackGround(){

  c.save();

  c.translate(center.x, center.y); /*平移变换*/

  /*绘制刻度*/

  function drawScale(){

  c.moveTo(radius - scale, 0);

  c.lineTo(radius, 0);

  };

  c.beginPath();

  c.arc(0, 0, radius, 0, 2*Math.PI, true);

  c.closePath();

  for (var i = 1; i <= 12; i++) {

  drawScale();

  c.rotate(hourangle); /*旋转变换*/

  };

  /*绘制时间(3,6,9,12)*/

  c.font = " bold 30px impack"

  c.fillText("3", 110, 10);

  c.fillText("6", -7, 120);

  c.fillText("9", -120, 10);

  c.fillText("12", -16, -100);

  c.stroke();

  c.restore();

  };

  /*绘制时针(h: 当前时(24小时制))*/

  this.drawHourHand = function(h){

  h = h === 0? 24: h;

  c.save();

  c.translate(center.x, center.y);

  c.rotate(3/2*Math.PI);

  c.rotate(h*hourangle);

  c.beginPath();

  c.moveTo(0, 0);

  c.lineTo(hourHandLength, 0);

  c.stroke();

  c.restore();

  };

  /*绘制分针(m: 当前分)*/

  this.drawMinHand = function(m){

  m = m === 0? 60: m;

  c.save();

  c.translate(center.x, center.y);

  c.rotate(3/2*Math.PI);

  c.rotate(m*minangle);

  c.beginPath();

  c.moveTo(0, 0);

  c.lineTo(minHandLength, 0);

  c.stroke();

  c.restore();

  };

  /*绘制秒针(s:当前秒)*/

  this.drawSecHand = function(s){

  s = s === 0? 60: s;

  c.save();

  c.translate(center.x, center.y);

  c.rotate(3/2*Math.PI);

  c.rotate(s*minangle);

  c.beginPath();

  c.moveTo(0, 0);

  c.lineTo(secHandLength, 0);

  c.stroke();

  c.restore();

  };

  /*依据本机时间绘制时钟*/

  this.drawClock = function(){

  var me = this;

  function draw(){

  var date = new Date();

  Canvas.clearCxt();

  drawBackGround();

  drawCenter();

  me.drawHourHand(date.getHours() + date.getMinutes()/60);

  me.drawMinHand(date.getMinutes() + date.getSeconds()/60);

  me.drawSecHand(date.getSeconds());

  }

  draw();

  setInterval(draw, 1000);

  };

  };

  var main = function(){

  var clock = new Canvas.Clock();

  clock.drawClock();

  };

  代码中涉及到了一些简单的canvas元素API 大家度娘一下即可

  以上就是本文的全部内容了,希望对大家学习canvas能够有所帮助。