EJB3.0开发之多对多和一对一

  在前面的例子中,我们演示了一对多和多对一的例子,在本章将演示多对多和一对一的关系。

  学生和老师就是多对多的关系。一个学生有多个老师,一个老师教多个学生。

  学生和档案就是一对一的关系(不知道国外的学生有没有档案?)。

  为了实现多对多的关系,数据库中需要关联表,用以在两个实体间建立关联。JBoss可以自动生成关联表,你也可以@AssociationTable来指定关联表的信息。

  如:

  @ManyToMany(cascade = {CascadeType.CREATE, CascadeType.MERGE}, fetch = FetchType.EAGER, isInverse = true)

  @AssociationTable(table = @Table(name = "STUDENT_TEACHER"),

  joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "TEACHER_ID")},inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "STUDENT_ID")})

  @ AssociationTable的注释声明如下:

  @Target({METHOD, FIELD})

  public @interface AssociationTable {

  Table table() default @Table(specified=false);

  JoinColumn[] joinColumns() default {};

  JoinColumn[] inverseJoinColumns() default {};

  }

  关联表注释指定了关联表的名称、主表的列和从表的列。

  为了实现一对一的关系,需要用@OneToOne来注释。

  如:

  @OneToOne(cascade = {CascadeType.ALL})

  @JoinColumn(name = "DOSSIER_ID")

  public Dossier getDossier()

  {

  return dossier;

  }

  这定义了一个单向的一对一的关系。如果在Dossier也定义了相关的关联,那么它就是双向的。双向的意思就是通过一个Student实体就可以查找到一个Dossier,通过一个Dossier就可以查找到一个Student。

  @ OneToOne的注释声明如下:

  @Target({METHOD, FIELD}) @Retention(RUNTIME)

  public @interface OneToOne {

  String targetEntity() default "";

  CascadeType[] cascade() default {};

  FetchType fetch() default EAGER;

  boolean optional() default true;

  }

  这个例子主要有以下几个文件,这个例子主要实现了学生和老师、学生和档案之间的关系。Student、Teacher、Dossier都是实体Bean。Student和Dossier是一个双向的OneToOne之间的关系,Student和Teacher是ManyToMany的关系,也是双向的。和前面的例子一样,我们还是使用Client测试。

  Student.java:实体Bean。

  Dossier.java:实体Bean所依赖的类。

  Teacher.java:实体Bean所依赖的类。

  EntityTest.java:会话Bean的业务接口

  EntityTest Bean.java:会话Bean的实现类

  Client.java:测试EJB的客户端类。

  jndi.properties:jndi属性文件,提供访问jdni的基本配置属性。

  Build.xml:ant 配置文件,用以编译、发布、测试、清除EJB。

  下面针对每个文件的内容做一个介绍。

    Student.java

  package com.kuaff.ejb3.relationships;

  import javax.ejb.CascadeType;

  import javax.ejb.Entity;

  import javax.ejb.FetchType;

  import javax.ejb.GeneratorType;

  import javax.ejb.Id;

  import javax.ejb.JoinColumn;

  import javax.ejb.OneToOne;

  import javax.ejb.ManyToMany;

  import javax.ejb.Table;

  import javax.ejb.AssociationTable;

  import java.util.ArrayList;

  import java.util.Set;

  import java.util.Collection;

  import java.io.Serializable;

  @Entity

  @Table(name = "STUDENT")

  public class Student implements Serializable

  {

  private int id;

  private String first;

  private String last;

  private Dossier dossier;

  private Set teachers;

  @Id(generate = GeneratorType.AUTO)

  public int getId()

  {

  return id;

  }

  public void setId(int id)

  {

  this.id = id;

  }

  public void setFirst(String first)

  {

  this.first = first;

  }

  public String getFirst()

  {

  return first;

  }

  public void setLast(String last)

  {

  this.last = last;

  }

  public String getLast()

  {

  return last;

  }

  public void setDossier(Dossier dossier)

  {

  this.dossier = dossier;

  }

  @OneToOne(cascade = {CascadeType.ALL})

  @JoinColumn(name = "DOSSIER_ID")

  public Dossier getDossier()

  {

  return dossier;

  }

  public void setTeacher(Set teachers)

  {

  this.teachers = teachers;

  }

  @ManyToMany(cascade = {CascadeType.CREATE, CascadeType.MERGE}, fetch = FetchType.EAGER, isInverse = true)

  @AssociationTable(table = @Table(name = "STUDENT_TEACHER"),

  joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "TEACHER_ID")},inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "STUDENT_ID")})

  public Set getTeacher()

  {

  return teachers;

  }

  }

    Dossier.java

  package com.kuaff.ejb3.relationships;

  import javax.ejb.Entity;

  import javax.ejb.GeneratorType;

  import javax.ejb.Id;

  @Entity

  public class Dossier implements java.io.Serializable

  {

  private Long id;

  private String resume;

  @Id(generate = GeneratorType.AUTO)

  public Long getId()

  {

  return id;

  }

  public void setId(Long id)

  {

  this.id = id;

  }

  public void setResume(String resume)

  {

  this.resume = resume;

  }

  public String getResume()

  {

  return resume;

  }

  }

    Teacher.java

  package com.kuaff.ejb3.relationships;

  import javax.ejb.AssociationTable;

  import javax.ejb.Basic;

  import javax.ejb.CascadeType;

  import javax.ejb.Column;

  import javax.ejb.Entity;

  import javax.ejb.FetchType;

  import javax.ejb.Id;

  import javax.ejb.JoinColumn;

  import javax.ejb.ManyToMany;

  import javax.ejb.Table;

  import javax.ejb.Transient;

  import javax.ejb.Version;

  import java.util.Set;

  import javax.ejb.GeneratorType;

  @Entity

  public class Teacher implements java.io.Serializable

  {

  private Long id;

  private String resume;

  private String name;

  private String info;

  private Set students;

  @Id(generate = GeneratorType.IDENTITY)

  public Long getId()

  {

  return id;

  }

  public void setId(Long id)

  {

  this.id = id;

  }

  public void setName(String name)

  {

  this.name = name;

  }

  public String getName()

  {

  return name;

  }

  public void setInfo(String info)

  {

  this.info = info;

  }

  public String getInfo()

  {

  return info;

  }

  public void setStudents(Set students)

  {

  this.students = students;

  }

  @ManyToMany(cascade = {CascadeType.CREATE, CascadeType.MERGE}, fetch = FetchType.EAGER)

  @AssociationTable(table = @Table(name = "STUDENT_TEACHER"),

  joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "TEACHER_ID",referencedColumnName="ID")},

  inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "STUDENT_ID",referencedColumnName="ID")})

  public Set getStudents()

  {

  return students;

  }

  }

    EntityTest.java

  package com.kuaff.ejb3.relationships;

  import javax.ejb.Remote;

  import java.util.List;

  @Remote

  public interface EntityTest

  {

  public void createData();

  public List findByName(String name);

  }

    EntityTestBean.java

  

  package com.kuaff.ejb3.relationships;

  import javax.ejb.EntityManager;

  import javax.ejb.Inject;

  import javax.ejb.Stateless;

  import java.util.HashSet;

  import java.util.Set;

  import java.util.List;

  @Stateless

  public class EntityTestBean implements EntityTest

  {

  private @Inject EntityManager manager;

  public void createData()

  {

  Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher();

  Teacher teacher2 = new Teacher();

  Set students1 = new HashSet();

  Set students2 = new HashSet();

  Student student1 = new Student();

  Student student2 = new Student();

  Student student3 = new Student();

  Dossier dossier1 = new Dossier();

  Dossier dossier2 = new Dossier();

  Dossier dossier3 = new Dossier();

  teacher1.setId(new Long(1));

  teacher1.setName("hushisheng");

  teacher1.setInfo("胡时胜教授,博士生导师");

  manager.create(teacher1);

  teacher2.setId(new Long(2));

  teacher2.setName("liyongchi");

  teacher2.setInfo("李永池教授,博士生导师");

  manager.create(teacher2);

  student1.setFirst("晁");

  student1.setLast("岳攀");

  dossier1.setResume("这是晁岳攀的档案");

  student1.setDossier(dossier1);

  students1.add(student1);

  student2.setFirst("赵");

  student2.setLast("志伟");

  dossier2.setResume("这是赵志伟的档案");

  student2.setDossier(dossier2);

  students1.add(student2);

  student3.setFirst("田");

  student3.setLast("明");

  dossier3.setResume("这是田明的档案");

  student3.setDossier(dossier3);

  students2.add(student3);

  teacher1.setStudents(students1);

  teacher2.setStudents(students2);

  }

  public List findByName(String name)

  {

  return manager.createQuery("from Teacher t where t.name = :name").setParameter("name", name).listResults();

  }

  }

  在这个会话Bean中提供了创建各个实体Bean的方法,并提供了查找老师的方法。

  Client.java

  package com.kuaff.ejb3.secondary;

  import javax.naming.InitialContext;

  import javax.naming.NamingException;

  import java.util.List;

  public class Client

  {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws NamingException

  {

  InitialContext ctx = new InitialContext();

  StudentDAO dao = (StudentDAO) ctx.lookup(StudentDAO.class.getName());

  int id = dao.create("晁","岳攀","8","[email protected]","男");

  dao.create("朱","立焕","6","[email protected]","女");

  List list = dao.findAll();

  for(Object o:list)

  {

   Student s = (Student)o;

   System.out.printf("%s%s的性别:%s%n",s.getName().getFirst(),s.getName().getLast(),s.getGender());

   dao.evict(s);

  }

  }

  }

  这个客户端用来测试。

  请运行{$JBOSS_HOME}/bin目录下的run.bat: run –c all,启动JBOSS。

  http://localhost:8080/jmx-console/HtmlAdaptor?action=inspectMBean&name=jboss%3Aservice%3DHypersonic%2Cdatabase%3DlocalDB,然后调用startDatabaseManager()方法,打开HSQL管理工具管理数据库。

  在Eclipse的Ant视图中执行ejbjar target。或者在命令行下,进入到此工程目录下,执行ant ejbjar,将编译打包发布此EJB。

  在Eclipse的Ant视图中执行run target。或者在命令行下,进入到此工程目录下,执行ant run,测试这个EJB。