具体代码及比较如下所示：
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="gb2312">
<head>
<title> 常见排序算法 之 JavaScript版 </title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<meta name="keywords" content="排序,算法,JavaScript排序" />
<meta name="description" content="用JavaScript实现的常见排序算法:冒泡排序,选择排序,插入排序,谢尔排序,快速排序(递归),快速排序(堆栈),归并排序,堆排序" />
<script type="text/javascript">
Array.prototype.swap = function(i, j)
{
var temp = this[i];
this[i] = this[j];
this[j] = temp;
}
Array.prototype.bubbleSort = function()
{
for (var i = this.length - 1; i > 0; --i)
{
for (var j = 0; j < i; ++j)
{
if (this[j] > this[j + 1]) this.swap(j, j + 1);
}
}
}
Array.prototype.selectionSort = function()
{
for (var i = 0; i < this.length; ++i)
{
var index = i;
for (var j = i + 1; j < this.length; ++j)
{
if (this[j] < this[index]) index = j;
}
this.swap(i, index);
}
}
Array.prototype.insertionSort = function()
{
for (var i = 1; i < this.length; ++i)
{
var j = i, value = this[i];
while (j > 0 && this[j - 1] > value)
{
this[j] = this[j - 1];
--j;
}
this[j] = value;
}
}
Array.prototype.shellSort = function()
{
for (var step = this.length >> 1; step > 0; step >>= 1)
{
for (var i = 0; i < step; ++i)
{
for (var j = i + step; j < this.length; j += step)
{
var k = j, value = this[j];
while (k >= step && this[k - step] > value)
{
this[k] = this[k - step];
k -= step;
}
this[k] = value;
}
}
}
}
Array.prototype.quickSort = function(s, e)
{
if (s == null) s = 0;
if (e == null) e = this.length - 1;
if (s >= e) return;
this.swap((s + e) >> 1, e);
var index = s - 1;
for (var i = s; i <= e; ++i)
{
if (this[i] <= this[e]) this.swap(i, ++index);
}
this.quickSort(s, index - 1);
this.quickSort(index + 1, e);
}
Array.prototype.stackQuickSort = function()
{
var stack = [0, this.length - 1];
while (stack.length > 0)
{
var e = stack.pop(), s = stack.pop();
if (s >= e) continue;
this.swap((s + e) >> 1, e);
var index = s - 1;
for (var i = s; i <= e; ++i)
{
if (this[i] <= this[e]) this.swap(i, ++index);
}
stack.push(s, index - 1, index + 1, e);
}
}
Array.prototype.mergeSort = function(s, e, b)
{
if (s == null) s = 0;
if (e == null) e = this.length - 1;
if (b == null) b = new Array(this.length);
if (s >= e) return;
var m = (s + e) >> 1;
this.mergeSort(s, m, b);
this.mergeSort(m + 1, e, b);
for (var i = s, j = s, k = m + 1; i <= e; ++i)
{
b[i] = this[(k > e || j <= m && this[j] < this[k]) ? j++ : k++];
}
for (var i = s; i <= e; ++i) this[i] = b[i];
}
Array.prototype.heapSort = function()
{
for (var i = 1; i < this.length; ++i)
{
for (var j = i, k = (j - 1) >> 1; k >= 0; j = k, k = (k - 1) >> 1)
{
if (this[k] >= this[j]) break;
this.swap(j, k);
}
}
for (var i = this.length - 1; i > 0; --i)
{
this.swap(0, i);
for (var j = 0, k = (j + 1) << 1; k <= i; j = k, k = (k + 1) << 1)
{
if (k == i || this[k] < this[k - 1]) --k;
if (this[k] <= this[j]) break;
this.swap(j, k);
}
}
}
function generate()
{
var max = parseInt(txtMax.value), count = parseInt(txtCount.value);
if (isNaN(max) || isNaN(count))
{
alert("个数和最大值必须是一个整数");
return;
}
var array = [];
for (var i = 0; i < count; ++i) array.push(Math.round(Math.random() * max));
txtInput.value = array.join("\n");
txtOutput.value = "";
}
function demo(type)
{
var array = txtInput.value == "" ? [] : txtInput.value.replace().split("\n");
for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) array[i] = parseInt(array[i]);
var t1 = new Date();
eval("array." + type + "Sort()");
var t2 = new Date();
lblTime.innerText = t2.valueOf() - t1.valueOf();
txtOutput.value = array.join("\n");
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="generate();">
<table style="font-size:12px;">
<tr>
<td align="right">
<textarea id="txtInput" style="width:120px;height:500px;" readonly></textarea>
</td>
<td width="150" align="center">
随机数个数<input id="txtCount" value="500" style="width:50px" /><br /><br />
最大随机数<input id="txtMax" value="1000" style="width:50px" /><br /><br />
<button onclick="generate()">重新生成</button><br /><br /><br /><br />
耗时(毫秒)：<label id="lblTime"></label><br /><br /><br /><br />
<button onclick="demo('bubble');">冒泡排序</button><br /><br />
<button onclick="demo('selection');">选择排序</button><br /><br />
<button onclick="demo('insertion');">插入排序</button><br /><br />
<button onclick="demo('shell');">谢尔排序</button><br /><br />
<button onclick="demo('quick');">快速排序(递归)</button><br /><br />
<button onclick="demo('stackQuick');">快速排序(堆栈)</button><br /><br />
<button onclick="demo('merge');">归并排序</button><br /><br />
<button onclick="demo('heap');">堆排序</button><br /><br />
</td>
<td align="left">
<textarea id="txtOutput" style="width:120px;height:500px;" readonly></textarea>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
快速排序, 插入排序, 希尔排序, 冒泡排序, quickSort, insertSort, shellSort, bubbleSort, javascript排序
说明
写这个主要是为了锻炼自己，并无实际意义。
每个浏览器测试得出的数据会不一样。比如我用chrome 测试 一般快速排序都会最快，IE 则根据数组长度有可能希尔最快。
不要用太大数据去测试冒泡排序(浏览器崩溃了我不管)
如果有兴趣可以 下载测试页面
个人理解
冒泡排序：最简单，也最慢，貌似长度小于7最优
插入排序： 比冒泡快，比快速排序和希尔排序慢，较小数据有优势
快速排序：这是一个非常快的排序方式，V8的sort方法就使用快速排序和插入排序的结合
希尔排序：在非chrome下数组长度小于1000，希尔排序比快速更快
系统方法：在forfox下系统的这个方法非常快
算法源码
// ---------- 一些排序算法
// js 利用sort进行排序
systemSort:function(array){
return array.sort(function(a, b){
return a - b;
});
},
// 冒泡排序
bubbleSort:function(array){
var i = 0, len = array.length,
j, d;
for(; i<len; i++){
for(j=0; j<len; j++){
if(array[i] < array[j]){
d = array[j];
array[j] = array[i];
array[i] = d;
}
}
}
return array;
},
// 快速排序
quickSort:function(array){
//var array = [8,4,6,2,7,9,3,5,74,5];
//var array = [0,1,2,44,4,324,5,65,6,6,34,4,5,6,2,43,5,6,62,43,5,1,4,51,56,76,7,7,2,1,45,4,6,7];
var i = 0;
var j = array.length - 1;
var Sort = function(i, j){
// 结束条件
if(i == j ){ return };
var key = array[i];
var stepi = i; // 记录开始位置
var stepj = j; // 记录结束位置
while(j > i){
// j <<-------------- 向前查找
if(array[j] >= key){
j--;
}else{
array[i] = array[j]
//i++ ------------>>向后查找
while(j > ++i){
if(array[i] > key){
array[j] = array[i];
break;
}
}
}
}
// 如果第一个取出的 key 是最小的数
if(stepi == i){
Sort(++i, stepj);
return ;
}
// 最后一个空位留给 key
array[i] = key;
// 递归
Sort(stepi, i);
Sort(j, stepj);
}
Sort(i, j);
return array;
},
// 插入排序
insertSort:function(array){
// http://baike.baidu.com/image/d57e99942da24e5dd21b7080
// http://baike.baidu.com/view/396887.htm
//var array = [0,1,2,44,4,324,5,65,6,6,34,4,5,6,2,43,5,6,62,43,5,1,4,51,56,76,7,7,2,1,45,4,6,7];
var i = 1, j, step, key,
len = array.length;
for(; i < len; i++){
step = j = i;
key = array[j];
while(--j > -1){
if(array[j] > key){
array[j+1] = array[j];
}else{
break;
}
}
array[j+1] = key;
}
return array;
},
// 希尔排序
//Jun.array.shellSort(Jun.array.df(10000));
shellSort:function(array){
// http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh/%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94%E6%8E%92%E5%BA%8F
// var array = [13,14,94,33,82,25,59,94,65,23,45,27,73,25,39,10];
var stepArr = [1750, 701, 301, 132, 57, 23, 10, 4, 1]; // reverse() 在维基上看到这个最优的步长 较小数组
//var stepArr = [1031612713, 217378076, 45806244, 9651787, 2034035, 428481, 90358, 19001, 4025, 836, 182, 34, 9, 1]//针对大数组的步长选择
var i = 0;
var stepArrLength = stepArr.length;
var len = array.length;
var len2 = parseInt(len/2);
for(;i < stepArrLength; i++){
if(stepArr[i] > len2){
continue;
}
stepSort(stepArr[i]);
}
// 排序一个步长
function stepSort(step){
//console.log(step) 使用的步长统计
var i = 0, j = 0, f, tem, key;
var stepLen = len%step > 0 ? parseInt(len/step) + 1 : len/step;
for(;i < step; i++){// 依次循环列
for(j=1;/*j < stepLen && */step * j + i < len; j++){//依次循环每列的每行
tem = f = step * j + i;
key = array[f];
while((tem-=step) >= 0){// 依次向上查找
if(array[tem] > key){
array[tem+step] = array[tem];
}else{
break;
}
}
array[tem + step ] = key;
}
}
}
return array;
}