为JavaScript类型增加方法的实现代码(增加功能)

  javaScript的类型函数(如Number/String/Boolean/Array/Date/Obejct等)都是继承于 Function.prototype,所以给Function.prototype增加方法,同时也会影响到由它衍生的下层类型函数。如:

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  Function.prototype.addMethod=function(methodName,func){

  if(!this[methodName]){

  this[methodName]=func;//给类型增加方法,类似于类型的静态方法。func方法是赋于了类型而非实例。

  }

  return this;//this 将绑定到方法的调用对象(类型函数),返回this可以进行链式调用

  }

  Array.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  //Array.testFun(); //function Array() {[native code]}

  Object.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  //Object.testFun(); //function Object() {[native code]}

  Boolean.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  //Boolean.testFun(); //function Boolean() {[native code]}

  function CustomObject(name,value){

  this.name=name || 'CustomObject';

  this.value=value || 0;

  this.toString=function(){return '[name:'+this.name+',value:'+this.value+']'}

  }

  CustomObject.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  /* return:

  * function CustomObject(name, value) {

  this.name = name || "CustomObject";

  this.value = value || 0;

  this.toString = function () {return "[name:" + this.name + ",value:" + this.value + "]";};

  }

  */

  CustomObject.testFun();

  此时如果用实例来调用的话,则会报错。如:

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  var customObject=new CustomObject(); //定义一个CustomObject实例

  customObject.testFun();//Error: temp.testFun is not a function

  给实例增加方法

  如果给类型实例增加方法,则应该把方法绑定到类型的prototype上。如

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  Function.prototype.addMethod=function(methodName,func){

  if(!this.prototype[methodName]){

  this.prototype[methodName]=func;//给原型增加方法,此方法会影响到该类型的实例上

  }

  return this.prototype;//返回原型,此类型实例可以进行链形调用

  }

  Object.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  //({toString:function(){return '[Empty Object]'}}).testFun(); //[Empty Object]

  Number.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  //(5).testFun(); //5

  String.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  //'test'.testFun(); //'test'

  Boolean.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  //true.testFun(); //true

  Array.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  //(['a','b']).testFun(); //a,b

  Date.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  //new Date().testFun(); //Tue Dec 27 2011 11:20:58 GMT-0800 (Pacific Standard Time)

  function CustomObject(name,value){

  this.name=name || 'CustomObject';

  this.value=value || 0;

  this.toString=function(){return '[name:'+this.name+',value:'+this.value+']'}

  }

  CustomObject.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  var customObject=new CustomObject();

  customObject.testFun(); //[name:CustomObject,value:0]

  若此时用类型调用testFun,则会报错。如

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  Array.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  //Array.testFun(); //Error: Array.testFun is not a function

  CustomObject.addMethod('testFun',function(){alert(this)});

  CustomObject.testFun(); //Error: CustomObject.testFun is not a function